ABSTRACT
Pregnancy is a state characterized by physiological changes. These changes are interpreted by comparison between known reference values, which themselves depend on factors such as ethnicity, environment, diet, age, sex However, the reference values being used in clinical practice in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are derived from general populations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the reference values of hematological parameters among pregnant women in Kinshasa. Methods. This analytical cross-sectional study recruited pregnant women in Kinshasa, DRC from December 2022 to April 2023. The Complete blood count was carried out for all participants using Mindary BC-5150 hematology analyzer. The mean, median, and reference values were determined using SPSS version 23. Results. A Total of 451 healthy pregnant women were enrolled in the study. The participant age range was from 18 to 49 years old, 386 (85.6 %) were married and 152 (33.75) paucipare. The defined Reference values were: RBC : 2,79-4,78 x106/µl , Hb : 10,5-12,7 g/dl, HCT :24,3-38,9 %, MCV : 84,3-99,9 fl, MCH : 25,8-29,8 pg, MCHC : 30,0-36,1 g/dl, WBC : 2,83-10,56 x103/µl , Neutrophils :0,8-7,68 x103/µl , lymphocytes : 0,72-2,83 x103/µl , Monocytes :0,10-1,06 x103/µl , Eosinophils : 0,0-0,32 x103/µl , Basophils : 0,0-0,03 x103/µl , Platelet count :189-322 x103/µl, MPV : 7,9-12,6 fl. Conclusion. Changes were observed in hematological parameters between different trimesters of the pregnancy. Considerable differences were also observed when comparing reference values in the present study to those from studies conducted in other countries.
La grossesse est un état caractérisé par des changements physiologiques. Ces changements sont interprétés par comparaison à des valeurs de référence connues qui dépendent elles-mêmes de l'ethnie, de l'environnement, de l'alimentation, de l'âge, du sexe Cependant, les valeurs de référence utilisées dans la pratique clinique proviennent de populations générales. La présente étude a visé à déterminer les valeurs de référence des paramètres hématologiques chez les femmes enceintes dans la ville de Kinshasa. Méthodes. Cette étude transversale et analytique a recruté des femmes enceintes à Kinshasa, de décembre 2022 à avril 2023. L'hémogramme a été réalisé chez toutes les participantes sur l'analyseur d'hématologie Mindray BC-5150. La moyenne, la médiane et les valeurs de référence ont été déterminées en utilisant le logiciel SPSS version 23. Résultats. Au total 451 femmes enceintes en bonne santé ont été incluses. La tranche d'âge de participantes était de 18 à 49 ans, 386 (85,6 %) étaient mariées et 152 (33,75 %) paucipares. Les valeurs de référence définies étaient : GR : 2,79-4,78×106/µl , Hb : 10,5-12,7 g/dl, HCT : 24,3-38,9 %, VGÇ : 84,3-99,9 fl, CCMH : 25,8-29,8 pg, TCMH : 30,0-36,1 g/dl, GB : 2,83-10,56 x103/µl , Neutrophiles :0,8-7,68 x103/µl , lymphocytes : 0,72-2,83 x103/µl , Monocytes : 0,10-1,06 x103/µl , Eosinophiles : 0,0-0,32 x103/µl , Basophiles : 0,0-0,03 x103/µl , Plaquettes : 189-322 x103/µl, VPM : 7,9-12,6 fl. Conclusion. Des changements ont été observés dans les paramètres hématologiques entre les différents trimestres. Des différences considérables ont également été observées entre nos valeurs de référence et celles des études menées dans d'autres pays.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnant WomenABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the medical reference values, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health conditions, and to evaluate the importance of serum iodine in evaluating individual iodine nutrition.Methods:From February 2017 to November 2018, multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select one community and one agricultural (fishing) village in the coastal Yingkou City and the inland areas of Shenyang City of Liaoning Province as survey sites. Cluster sampling of adults over 18 years old who had lived for five years were conducted with questionnaire survey, clinical physical examination and thyroid ultrasound examination. Fasting venous blood samples and one random urine sample were collected from all subjects for serum iodine, thyroid hormone, antibody and urine iodine detection. The 95% medical reference value of serum iodine was established by using the percentage quantile method, and the reference value, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health status were analyzed. The diagnostic value of iodine nutritional indicators in thyroid diseases was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 2 931 adults were surveyed, with serum iodine levels of 62.1 (53.6, 72.2) μg/L, ranging from 5.6 to 642.3 μg/L; urine iodine was 167.6 (111.2, 244.2) μg/L, and the overall iodine level was at an appropriate level. A total of 1 089 patients with thyroid diseases were examined, with a detection rate of 37.2% (1 089/2 931); among them, there were 597 cases of thyroid nodules, 56 cases of endemic goiter, 42 cases of hypothyroidism, 161 cases of subclinical hypothyroidism, 27 cases of hyperthyroidism, 18 cases of subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 474 cases of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). There was a statistically significant difference in the detection of thyroid diseases among adults with different levels of serum iodine (χ 2 = 13.80, P < 0.05). The reference values of serum iodine in normal adults, hypothyroidism (without thyroid hormone intervention), hyperthyroidism (without anti thyroid hormone drug treatment), AITD, endemic goiter, and thyroid nodules were 37.2 - 103.0, 12.5 - 52.8, 49.9 - 163.1, 34.3 - 129.3, 27.3 - 92.8, and 37.9 - 119.5 μg/L, respectively. The ROC curve analysis results showed that the serum iodine area under curve(AUC) of patients with hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, endemic goiter, thyroid nodules, and AITD were 0.94, 0.61, 0.55, 0.53, and 0.52, respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in adult serum iodine levels among different positions, regions, age, education level, occupation, iodine intake, blood pressure, and body mass index ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:There are significant differences in serum iodine levels among adults with different thyroid health conditions, and evaluation standards and systems should be developed separately. Serum iodine is an important indicator for evaluating individual iodine nutrition.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To obtain the normal reference range of ultrasound hemodynamic parameters after liver transplantation through big data query and statistical analysis, and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:The clinical liver transplantation Ultrasound Image Database Software V1.0 developed by Tianjin First Center Hospital was used to query adult patients after liver transplantation from December 2012 to June 2021. The ultrasonic hemodynamic parameters including the diameter of portal vein (PVD), the flow velocity of portal vein (PVV), the peak flow velocity of hepatic artery (S), the end diastolic flow velocity of hepatic artery (D), the S/D of hepatic artery, the resistance index of hepatic artery (RI), the diameter of middle hepatic vein (MHVD), the flow velocity of middle hepatic vein (MHVV), the diameter of right hepatic vein (RHVD), the flow velocity of right hepatic vein (RHVV), in the first day (1D), the seventh day (7D), the first month (1M), the sixth month (6M), the first year (1Y), the fifth year (5Y) and the tenth year (10Y) after operation were analyzed statistically, and the 95% reference value range of each parameter was obtained.Results:A total of 1 740 patients with 12 242 monitoring results after adult liver transplantation were included, and the longest follow-up time was 22 years. There was no significant change in PVD. PVV decreased slightly from postoperative 1D to long-term follow-up. The S and D of hepatic artery were the highest in group 7D after liver transplantation, and then decreased gradually with the extension of postoperative time. Hepatic artery S/D was the lowest in group 7D after operation, with the extension of monitoring time after liver transplantation, it showed an upward trend, but fluctuated. Hepatic artery RI was the highest in postoperative 1D group, and fluctuated with the extension of monitoring time after liver transplantation. There was no significant change in MHVD and RHVD.MHVV and RHVV were the highest in group 7D after liver transplantation, with the extension of postoperative monitoring time, they showed a decreasing trend and fluctuated. The normal range of each parameter was estimated according to the range of 95% medical reference value. The influencing factors of blood flow monitoring of transplanted liver were analyzed, including the various factors in perioperative period, the surgery, the primary disease before operation, the source of donor, the postoperative infection, rejection, drug damage, individual differences and so on.Conclusions:This study obtains the trend of each parameter with the extension of follow-up time and the reference value range of each parameter after liver transplantation, which is of great clinical significance for early detection and diagnosis of postoperative vascular complications. However, the blood flow after adult liver transplantation is affected by many factors. In clinical monitoring, it is necessary to make judgment combined with the individual state of patients and conduct dynamic follow-up.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To learn about the levels of serum iodine and thyroid function indicators in adults with normal thyroid function in Liaoning Province, to establish the medical reference value range of serum iodine, and to explore the relationship between serum iodine and thyroid function indicators.Methods:From February 2017 to December 2018, one subdistrict and one rural township were selected as the survey sites in the coastal area (Gaizhou City of Yingkou) and inland area (Kangping County of Shenyang) of Liaoning Province, respectively. Permanent residents aged 18 and older who have lived there for 5 years or more were selected as the survey subjects. Blood samples were collected to test the levels of serum iodine and thyroid function indicators [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb)]. The percentile method was used to establish the 95% medical reference value range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum iodine and thyroid function indicators. Results:A total of 1 621 adults with normal thyroid function were examined, the median serum iodine was 62.0 μg/L, and the 95% medical reference value range was preliminarily determined as 37.0-103.0 μg/L. Among them, the medians serum iodine of males and females (826 and 795 cases) were 62.3 and 61.0 μg/L, respectively, and there was no significant difference between genders ( Z=- 1.26, P = 0.210). The medians serum iodine of adults in coastal and inland areas (827 and 794 cases) were 61.7 and 61.9 μg/L, respectively, and there was no significant difference between areas ( Z = - 0.16, P = 0.870). The medians serum iodine of adults aged 18 - 29, 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50 - 59 and 60 - 80 (385, 392, 378, 253 and 213 cases) were 61.0, 61.0, 63.0, 65.0 and 62.0 μg/L, respectively, and the difference between ages was statistically significant ( H = 14.52, P = 0.006). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum iodine was weakly correlated with the level of FT 4 ( r = 0.17, P < 0.001), but not with the levels of TSH, TPOAb and TgAb ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:This study has established the medical reference value range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function in Liaoning Province. Serum iodine is not correlated with the levels of TSH, TPOAb and TgAb.
ABSTRACT
Objective @#To explore the "clinical normal reference range" of pulpal blood flow (PBF) in the physiological state in an effort to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.@* Methods@# According to the working principle and operational considerations of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), the PBF blood flow value of the first molars of the upper and lower mandibles of normal adults was detected by LDF, and the clinical reference value range under physiological conditions was analyzed and calculated. The differences in PBF values by sex, dental position and location (left and right side, upper and lower jaw) were analyzed. @*Results @#A total of 200 normal adult participants with an average age of (22.76 ± 3.26) years were included. The cohort included 95 males and 105 females, with a total of 800 first molars. Neither the PBF values of the left and right first molars nor the PBF values of the upper and lower first molars in males or females significantly differed (P>0.05). The PBF value for females was higher than that of males. Specifically, the clinical reference PBF values for males and females were (8.56 ± 3.25) PU and (9.51 ± 3.47) PU, respectively.@*Conclusion @#The PBF values of normal adult first molars in healthy subjects were higher in females than in males, and in the PBF values of first molars of the same sex did not significantly differ between the left side and right side or upper and lower jaw; these values could be used as a reference for the selection of control teeth.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: En varios estudios se ha documentado la influencia de factores étnicos en la distribución de las subpoblaciones linfocitarias; sin embargo, los intervalos de referencia utilizados en Chile fueron obtenidos de un estudio realizado en Países Bajos el año 1997. Objetivo: Determinar el intervalo de referencia para subpoblaciones linfocitarias CD3+, CD4+ y CD8+, además del índice CD4+/CD8+ en la población chilena. Metodología: Se analizó un total de 200 muestras de sangre total obtenida de hombres y mujeres adultos sanos, utilizando el método establecido por el CLSI estandarizado en el protocolo EP28-A3c desde la etapa pre analítica en adelante. Resultados: Los rangos de referencia para CD3+, CD4+ y CD8+ fueron 54,7-81,6% (789-2732 céls/μL), 28,1-57,7% (447-1703 céls/μL) y 15,1-38,8% (226-996 céls/μL), respectivamente. El índice CD4+/CD8+ fue de 0,84-3,77. Discusión: Los valores de referencia de las subpoblaciones linfocitarias en la población chilena sana son diferentes de los que se usan actualmente en Chile. Estas observaciones muestran datos locales que pudieran tener implicaciones para el tratamiento de la infección por VIH, y los rangos de referencia encontrados en este estudio pudieran ser usados para entender la situación local de algunos pacientes. Conclusiones: Otros estudios deberán ser realizados para confirmar estas observaciones dada la falta de datos previos y debido a que este es el primer estudio en población chilena.
Abstract Background: Several studies have documented the influence of ethnic factors on the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations; however, the reference intervals used in Chile were obtained from a study carried out in the Netherlands in 1997. Aim: To determine the reference interval for CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations, as well as the CD4+/CD8+ index in the Chilean population. Methods: A total of 200 whole blood samples obtained from healthy adult men and women were analyzed using the method established by CLSI standardized in protocol EP28-A3c from the pre-analytical stage onwards. Results: The reference ranges for CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ were 54.7-81.6% (789-2732 cells/μL), 28.1-57.7% (447-1703 cells/μL) and 15.1-38.8% (226-996 cells/μL), respectively. The CD4+/ CD8+ index was 0.84-3.77. Discussion: The reference values for lymphocyte subpopulations in the healthy Chilean population are different from those currently used in Chile. These observations show local data that could have implications for the treatment of HIV infection and the reference ranges found in this study could be used to understand the local situation of some patients. Conclusions: Others studies must be done to confirm these observations due to lack of previous data and because this is the first study in Chilean population.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To establish a medical reference range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function in Fujian Province.Methods:Permanent residents aged 16 - 60 years old and living in the local area for 5 years and more were selected as survey subjects in three areas with appropriate iodine nutrition in Fujian Province from September 2019 to January 2020. Urine and blood samples were collected to detect urinary iodine, serum iodine and thyroid function indexes [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin (Tg), free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), total triiodothyronine (TT 3), total thyroxine (TT 4), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb)] levels. The percentile method was used to establish the 95% medical reference range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum iodine and thyroid function indexes in adults with normal thyroid function. Results:A total of 149 adults with normal thyroid function were examined, and the median urinary iodine was 119.45 μg/L, which was at the appropriate level (100 - 199 μg/L); serum iodine was (61.35 ± 16.20) μg/L, and the 95% medical reference range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function was preliminarily formulated as 34.36 - 97.17 μg/L. Correlation analysis showed that serum iodine was positively correlated with FT 4 level ( r = 0.17, P = 0.035), but was not correlated with other thyroid function indexes ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:The medical reference range of serum iodine in adults with normal thyroid function in Fujian Province is successfully established, which provides a basis for judgment of individual iodine nutrition in adults.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To establish the biology reference interval (RI) of peripheral blood procalcitonin (PCT) for children between 3 days and 6 years old in China.Methods:Totally 3 353 reference individuals with apparent health or no specific diseases were recruited in 18 hospitals throughout the country during October 2020 to May 2021. Reference individuals were divided into four groups: 3-28 days, 29 days - 1 year, 1-3 years and 4-6 years. Vein blood or capillary blood were collected by percutaneous puncture from every reference individual. The PCT level in serum and the capillary whole blood were assayed by Roche Cobas e601 and Norman NRM411-S7 immunoanalyzer. Outliers were deleted and 95th percentiles of every group were provided as RIs. Man-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test were used performed to assess the difference among different gender, age or method groups. Results:The difference of PCT distribution between male and female is not statistically significant, but the difference between serum and capillary whole blood is statistically significant. The differences between age groups are significant too. For Roche e601, serum PCT RI of 3-28 days group is <0.23 μg/L, 29 days - 6 years are <0.11 μg/L. For NRM411, Serum PCT RI of 3-28 days group is <0.21 μg/L, 29 days - 1 year: <0.09 μg/L, 1 - 6 years: <0.10 μg/L. For whole blood PCT, RI of 3-28 days group is <0.26 μg/L, 29 days - 6 years is <0.15 μg/L.Conclusions:Serum and capillary whole blood PCT have different RIs, however, capillary whole blood PCT testing is valuable in pediatric application. Children in 3-28 days show higher PCT levels than other age group. To establish the RIs and understand the differences among different groups are essential for the interpretation and clinical application of peripheral blood PCT testing results.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: El proceso de envejecimiento en los adultos mayores puede conducir a la disminución de la condición física funcional. Por ello resulta importante su valoración para poder establecer programas de ejercicio físico que mejoren las capacidades físicas, así como la funcionalidad y calidad de vida en esta población. Objetivo: Establecer los valores de referencia de la condición física funcional en las mujeres físicamente activas pertenecientes a Centros Vida de la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal en 113 mujeres mayores entre 60-85 años. Se evalúo la condición física funcional con el Senior Fitness Test y medidas antropométricas de talla y peso. Los valores de referencia están en percentiles y distribuidos por rangos de edad. Resultados: Según los valores de referencia del Senior Fitness Test, las mujeres de nuestro estudio se encuentran por encima en los valores de fuerza de miembros inferiores y superiores. En la prueba de resistencia cardiovascular y flexibilidad en miembros inferiores y superiores se encuentran por debajo. En los valores de la prueba de agilidad el tiempo de ejecución es mayor. Conclusiones: Se observa una disminución en las capacidades físicas funcionales conforme avanza la edad, sin embargo, la capacidad física que menos disminuye es la fuerza(AU)
Introduction: The aging process may lead to a reduction of functional physical condition in the elderly. Its analysis is therefore necessary to implement physical exercise programs aimed at improving physical capacities, functionality and quality of life in this population. Objective: Establish the reference values for functional physical condition in physically active women from Life Centers in the city of Bucaramanga. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted of 113 elderly women aged 60-85 years. Functional physical condition was evaluated with the Senior Fitness Test and anthropometric measurements of height and weight. Reference values are expressed in percentiles and distributed by age ranges. Results: The women in our study are above the reference values of the Senior Fitness Test in upper and lower limb force. Upper and lower limb cardiovascular resistance and flexibility are below SFT reference values. Values for the agility test show a longer performance time. Conclusions: A reduction is observed in functional physical capacities as people grow older. However, force is the physical capacity that diminishes the least(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Quality of Life , Reference Values , Women , Aging , Exercise , Exercise Test/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish the laboratory historical control values for biological indicators in SD rats with 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity tests. METHODS: The body mass, blood routine indexes, serum biochemical indexes, organ mass and organ coefficient of 10 batches of specific pathogen free SD rats in the control group and the control additional group were collected for 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity tests, and the historical control values was established. RESULTS: The body mass of both male and female SD rats increased with the increasing age(all P<0.01). The body mass of male rats was higher than that of female rats each week(all P<0.01). The body mass, blood routine and serum biochemical indexes, organ mass and organ coefficient of SD rats were affected by the age and gender of rats to varying degrees. The effects of age and gender on organ mass and organ coefficient were not consistent. The laboratory historical control values of body mass, blood routine indexes, serum biochemical indexes, organ mass and organ coefficient of SD rats were established according to the age measured in weeks and the gender of rats. CONCLUSION: The laboratory control values of biological indicators of SD rats should be established according to different weekly age and the gender of rats. Organ coefficient is more suitable as an observation index for toxicological safety evaluation compared with organ mass.
ABSTRACT
In this paper, some significant problems, which were found frequently in the products of autoimmune
Subject(s)
Indicators and ReagentsABSTRACT
@#Orthodontic resident training has a long history abroad. Its purpose is to teach general practitioners in dentistry about basic knowledge and operating standards and to lay a solid foundation for the normalization and standardization of techniques. Osaka Dental University, established in 1911, is one of the oldest dental higher education facilities in Japan and Asia. Its systematic orthodontic resident training program has specific characteristics, including a thorough foundation in basic training, sufficient practice time in clinical work, and an emphasis on both clinical thinking ability and technical detail mastery. Recently, orthodontic resident training programs in China have achieved significant progress in a short period. In this manuscript, we introduce the orthodontic training program of Osaka Dental University in terms of enrollment, training arrangements, orthodontic basic education and clinical training in order to offer a reference for the continuous improvement of the standardized training system for resident doctors of stomatology in China.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To estimate the levels of free carnitine and acylcarnitine in neonates, and summarize the incidence and clinical characteristics of carnitine absorption deficiency in Xuzhou.@*Methods@#Between November 2015 and December 2017, 216 903 newborns were recruited with carnitine absorption deficiency screened via tandem mass spectrometry in Xuzhou.They were divided into different groups according to gestational age, birth body weight, blood collecting time and season, in which the group with gestational age <37 weeks was selected as the premature delivery group, and the group with gestational age 37-41+ 6 weeks as the normal gestational age group for gestational age analysis, while the group with the birth body mass <2 500 g was selected as low birth body mass group and the group with the birth body mass of 2 500-3 999 g as normal birth body mass group for body mass analysis.SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis to clarify the influence of the above factors on the detection of carnitine indexes by tandem mass spectrometry.DNA sequencing was performed to confirm the diagnosis and analyze the relevant pathogenic genotypes in children with positive screening, and these confirmed individuals were followed up.@*Results@#There was no statistical difference in the levels of C3, C8 and C102 between preterm infants and normal body mass infants in the gestational age group(all P>0.05), but other carnitine levels had statistically significant differences(all P<0.05). The difference of C102 level between the different birth weight groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05), but that of other carnitine levels were statistically significant(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of C182 between different blood collection time(P>0.05). The levels of free carnitine and acylcarnitine between the different season groups had statistically significant differences(all P<0.05). Primary carnitine deficiency was diagnosed in 10 cases, including 7 cases of maternal carnitine absorption deficiency.The incidence in Xuzhou was approximately 121 690.The pathogenic genotype showed a specific regional distribution characteristic in Xuzhou, in which pathogenic mutation type c. 1400C >G was the most common one.@*Conclusions@#Some factors play a role in neonatal screening for carnitine absorption deficiency by tandem mass spectrometry including gestational age, birth body weight, blood collecting time and season.Pathogenic genes present a regional characteristic in Xuzhou and maternal carnitine absorption deficiency with a higher rate, the clinical attention should be paid to screening for maternal carnitine absorption deficiency.
ABSTRACT
Objective To estimate the levels of free carnitine and acylcarnitine in neonates,and summarize the incidence and clinical characteristics of carnitine absorption deficiency in Xuzhou. Methods Between November 2015 and December 2017,216 903 newborns were recruited with carnitine absorption deficiency screened via tandem mass spectrometry in Xuzhou. They were divided into different groups according to gestational age,birth body weight, blood collecting time and season,in which the group with gestational age <37 weeks was selected as the premature de-livery group,and the group with gestational age 37-41+6 weeks as the normal gestational age group for gestational age analysis,while the group with the birth body mass <2 500 g was selected as low birth body mass group and the group with the birth body mass of 2 500-3 999 g as normal birth body mass group for body mass analysis. SPSS 16. 0 software was used for data analysis to clarify the influence of the above factors on the detection of carnitine indexes by tandem mass spectrometry. DNA sequencing was performed to confirm the diagnosis and analyze the relevant pathogenic geno-types in children with positive screening,and these confirmed individuals were followed up. Results There was no sta-tistical difference in the levels of C3,C8 and C10: 2 between preterm infants and normal body mass infants in the ges-tational age grou(p all P>0. 05),but other carnitine levels had statistically significant differences(all P<0. 05). The difference of C10: 2 level between the different birth weight groups was not statistically significant(P>0. 05),but that of other carnitine levels were statistically significant(all P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in the level of C18: 2 between different blood collection time(P>0. 05). The levels of free carnitine and acylcarnitine between the different season groups had statistically significant differences(all P<0. 05). Primary carnitine deficiency was diag-nosed in 10 cases,including 7 cases of maternal carnitine absorption deficiency. The incidence in Xuzhou was approxi-mately 1: 21 690. The pathogenic genotype showed a specific regional distribution characteristic in Xuzhou,in which pathogenic mutation type c. 1400C >G was the most common one. Conclusions Some factors play a role in neonatal screening for carnitine absorption deficiency by tandem mass spectrometry including gestational age,birth body weight, blood collecting time and season. Pathogenic genes present a regional characteristic in Xuzhou and maternal carnitine absorption deficiency with a higher rate,the clinical attention should be paid to screening for maternal carnitine absorp-tion deficiency.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analysis the change of hip joint in healthy infants by ultrasound,and establish the normal reference value of the developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH). Methods A total of 8 000 healthy infants from 0 to 24 weeks were collected from the Multi-center study of 10 children′s medical centers. Among them,3 855 infants(2 065 females and 1 790 males) with complete data and follow-up were included in this study. All subjects were divided into 6 groups ( ＜4,4～7,8～11,12～15,16～19 and≥20 weeks group). α angle,femoral head length and width,femoral head coverage ratio by acetabulum ( FHC) were measured in the coronal view on the neutral position;distance from pubis to femoral head ( P-H) and distance from ischium to femoral head ( I-H ) were measured in the transverse view on neutral position;distance from femoral head topubis ( H-P) was measured in the posterolateraltransverse view on the flexion position. The results of each group changes with age were analysised. Results ① The α angle of healthy infants from 0 to 20 weeks were increased with age,the difference among the groups were statistically significant( P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between 16～19 and ≥20 weeks group( P ＞0.05). ②The femoral head length and width of all age groups were increased with age,the difference among all the groups was statistically significant( all P ＜0.05). ③ FHC from 0 to 20 weeks were increased with age,the difference among the groups were statistically significant( P ＜0.05) except between 16～19 and ≥20 weeks group( P ＞0.05). ④ The P-H and I-H in all age groups showed no statistically significant ( all P＞0.05). ⑤The H-P of all age groups were increased with age,the difference between the groups were statistically significant(all P ＜0.05).Conclusions The development of hip joints have the certain regular developmental pattern in healthy infants less than 5 months of birth and are relatively constant after birth more than 5 months. The ultrasound normal reference value of the hip joints can be used for the early diagnosis of the DDH.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish reference values for thyroid hormone in school-age children in iodineadequate nutrition areas.Methods Totally 128 8-10-year-old healthy children (male:62,female:66) were screened rigorously in iodine-adequate nutrition areas (median of urinary iodine:100-200 μg/L).The values of total triiodothyronine (TT3) total thyroxine (TT4) free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4),thyrotropin (TSH）,thyroglobulin (Tg),thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb),and thyroglobulin antibody (TgA) in serum were determined through the Access 2 Immunoassay System (Beckman-Coulter,USA) using a chemiluminescence detection system.Results Normal reference ranges for thyroid function indicators in children (95％ confidence limit) of TT3,TT4,FT3,FT4,TSH,and Tg were 1.63-3.36 nmol/L,110.65-186.67 nmol/L,4.65-7.25 pmol/L,9.75-15.59 pmol/L,1.10-5.54 mU/L,and 3.75-36.27 μg/L,respectively.There was no significant difference in hormone levels between boys and girls (P ＞ 0.05).The thyroid function indices were substantially different between children and adults.Conclusions Normal reference range of thyroid function index of children is different from that of adults.It is necessary to establish the reference range of thyroid function indices for children in order to diagnose thyroid diseases and monitor iodine nutrition.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a normal reference range of thyroid-related indicators of early pregnant women in Hangzhou,and investigate the prevalence of thyroid disease among them after the implementation of a new standard of salt iodine content, in order to provide reference for monitoring of thyroid disease in pregnant women.Methods A total of 582 women in early pregnancy(0 - 13 weeks of gestation) in Hangzhou were selected via the stratified random sampling method as the subjects of the study and for detection of serology thyroid function. The levels of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) were measured by chemiluminescence method. According to the standard American Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB), 359 women in early pregnancy were strictly screened to establish the normal reference value of TSH, FT4, and the reference range using the 95% confidence interval (95%CI). At the same time, the newly establish reference interval was used to evaluate the thyroid function of 582 early pregnant women. Results The reference interval of TSH in early pregnant women of Hangzhou was 0.048 -3.354 mU/L.The reference interval of FT4was(13.023 ± 3.316) pmol/L, and the tenth percentile of FT4was 11.030 pmol/L. Eighty-four persons' thyroid function was abnormal in 582 and the rate of abnormal was 14.4% (84/582), in which the rates of abnormal in clinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism and hypothyroxinemia were 0.2% (1/582), 3.4% (20/582), 1.9% (11/582) and 8.9% (52/582), respectively. The case with clinical hyperthyroidism was not detected. The positive rate of TPOAb and TgAb were 10.8% (63/582) and 11.7%(68/582). The abnormal rate of hypothyroxinemia and the positive rate of TPOAb in early pregnant women in the city(11.4%,13.5%)were significantly higher than that in the rural areas(6.3%,8.1%,χ2=4.708,4.309, P < 0.05). Conclusions The normal reference value of thyroid hormones in early pregnant women in Hangzhou is established, and it is found that the incidence of thyroid disease is higher in pregnant women in Hangzhou after the implementation of the new standard of salt iodine content, therefore, it is imperative to carry out monitoring (or screening)of thyroid function in early pregnant women.
ABSTRACT
La anemia por deficiencia de hierro continúa siendo la deficiencia nutricional más abundante en el mundo, y son los lactantes, preescolares, mujeres en edad fértil y embarazadas los grupos de mayor susceptibilidad. Debido a esto es que se hace necesario el conocer los mecanismos de regulación de captación, transporte y absorción del metal a nivel celular, principalmente a nivel del enterocito y, una vez que el hierro entra a la circulación, conocer cuáles son los biomarcadores que permiten realizar un seguimiento del estatus del hierro corporal. En esta revisión mostramos, en primer lugar, cómo se regula la entrada de hierro a nivel de la célula del epitelio intestinal, mostrando las principales proteínas involucradas (transportadores de entrada y salida de hierro, oxido-reductasas, proteína de almacenamiento) y, para finalizar, hacemos un recuento de los principales biomarcadores del metabolismo de hierro una vez que este ha entrado y circula por el organismo.
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, and the most susceptible groups are infants, preschoolers, women of childbearing age, and pregnant women. It is therefore essential to understand the mechanisms of regulation of iron uptake, transport, and absorption at the cellular level, particularly in enterocytes, and to identify blood biomarkers that allow the evaluation of iron status. This review describes how iron absorption is regulated by intestinal epithelial cells, the main proteins involved (iron transporters, oxidoreductases, storage proteins), and the main blood biomarkers of iron metabolism.
Subject(s)
Humans , Iron/metabolism , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Biomarkers/blood , Inflammation/metabolism , Iron/bloodABSTRACT
Objective To establish a method which could measure tongue muscle thickness and evaluate the fasciculation of the tongue muscle by submental way ultrasonic detection , and to obtain the reference values of tongue muscle thickness in healthy volunteers , exploring its clinical application in the patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Methods In two-hundred healthy volunteers who took physical examination at the Medical Examination Center of Peking University Third Hospital , the tongue thickness was determined by measuring the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the lingual muscles in the center of the plane perpendicular to the Frankfurt horizontal plane of the frontal section with a 3.5 MHz convex array transducer .The fasciculation of tongue muscle was evaluated using a 7.5 MHz linear array transducer in the same position .This method was used to measure the thickness of tongue muscle and to evaluate tongue muscle fasciculation in 30 patients with ALS who visited neurological clinic with the diagnosis of possible or definite ALS according to revised El Escorial criteria during the same period .We compared the tongue muscle thickness between 30 ALS patients and the same number of age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers .Results The mean value of tongue muscle thickness of males was significantly higher than that of females ((4.09 ±0.52) cm vs (3.70 ±0.56) cm, t=5.108, P<0.01), but there was no significant difference in the tongue muscle thickness between the different age groups .The mean value of tongue muscle thickness was significantly correlated with the body mass index value in healthy subjects ( r=0.412, P<0.01).No tongue muscle fibrillation was detected in healthy volunteers .In ALS group, the tongue was significantly thinner than that in healthy subjects ((3.77 ±0.58) cm vs (4.05 ±0.49) cm, t=-0.253, P<0.05).Of the total 30 ALS patients, we recognized tongue muscle fasciculation in 12 (40%).Conclusion The method to measure tongue muscle thickness and evaluate tongue musclefibrillation is reliable , and has good clinical application value in related diseases such as ALS .
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish serum NGAL reference range of healthy populations in Xi'an Area.Methods 2 665 cases (aged 6 to 95 years old,male 1 370,female 1 295) of health-check people were collected from March 2014 to October 2016 in Medical Examination Center of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital,and 682 cases (aged 0 to 6 years old,male 356,female 326) were collected from preschool children of prevention.Serum NGAL concentration of them were analysed by immunoturbidimetry method with the Automatic Biochemical Analysis Assembly Line of Beckman-AU5800,and the detection data for statistical analysis.Then established the reference range of serum NGAL population of different age and different sex in Xi'an.Results The serum NGAL levels in healthy subjects showed a skewed distribution,which were preschool children under 6 years of age 37.66±23.12 ng/ml,6～15 years 39.25±25.34 ng/ml,16～49 years 46.68±27.06 ng/ml,and 50～ 69 years 57.82±29.13 ng/ml.Compared the first two with the latter,there was a significant difference (t=0.589,P＜ 0.05).The serum NGAL levels of over 70 years were 61.87 ± 32.64 ng/ml,and there was a significant difference between the ages of 15 and 49 and over 70 years (t=8.529,P＜0.01).At the same time,the serum NGAL was closely correlated with age (r=0.298,P＜0.01).But there was no significant difference in serum NGAL level between male and female (t=0.263～0.542,all P＞0.05).87ng/ml was the upper limit of the reference value for the age of 50 years.Conclusion The level of serum NGAL was related to age and increased with age,but not with gender.